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Commonly known as Philippine downy mildew, this disease is caused by the species Peronosclerospora philippinensis of the fungal-like protist class Oomycetes, which also has members such as water molds and ''Phytophthora infestans'', which caused the potato blight that led to the Great Irish famine. Its hosts are typically grasses, cultivated and wild sorghum, sugarcane, and maize found in most of South and Southeast Asia, including India, China, and the Philippines. This disease results in reduced yield in crops, a withered appearance of the leaves, abortive reproductive structures, and a grayish down on the surfaces. Historically, there have been cases of epidemics in which the species infected cultivars of maize and sugarcane and decimated the populations, causing up to $23 million US dollars’ worth of damage. Because of this, the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service has included Philippine downy mildew on its Plant Pathogen Select Agent List, being a pathogen that poses a great threat for American plants, both wild and cultivated. ==History== Philippine downy mildew was first briefly mentioned by Professor Baker of the College of Agriculture of the University of the Philippines in 1916 and then again in 1918 by Dr. Reinking, also of the College of Agriculture. His studies showed that the species had been present in the Philippines for more than 10 years already. It was not until 1920 when William Weston named it as ''Sclerospora philippinensis'' in a report, marking its similarities to its close relative ''Sclerospora sacchari''.〔 It continued to be known as ''Sclerospora philippinensis'' until 1980, when it was renamed ''Peronosclerospora philippinensis'' according to the shifts in the classification. Yearly, there are 1 to 2 citations in biological journals. Research proves to be continual although scarce. Because of its designation as a Select Agent, American scientists have difficulty in obtaining samples within the United States to study the disease. In terms of gene sequences at GenBank of the National Center for Biotechnology Information, there are five, one complete sequence of an internal transcribed spacer and four partial sequences of internal transcribed spacers. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Peronosclerospora philippinensis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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